PROGRAMMING IS FUN

Binary Representation of Data In order to work with data, the data must be represented inside the computer. Digital computers represent data by means of an easily identified symbol called a digit. Numbering Systems Each number system has a base also called a Radix. A decimal number system is a system of base 10; binary is a system of base 2; octal is a system of base 8; and hexadecimal is a system of base 16. What are these varying bases? The answer lies in what happens when we count up to the maximum number that the numbering system allows. In base 10, we can count from 0 to 9, that is, 10 digits. Number System Base Symbols used Binary 2 0,1 Octal 8 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 Decimal 10 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 Hexadecimal 16 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,B,C,D,E,F Where A=10,B=11,C=12,D=13,E=14,F=15 ·        Binary Conversion a)    Binary to Decimal 1. Start at the rightmost bit.

Object Oriented Programming 1.1   Concept of Object Oriented Programming Object oriented programming was developed to reduce the inherent limitations of traditional programming languages . OOP treats data as critical element in the program and restricts the data to flow freely around the system. OOP allows decomposition of problem into number of entities called  objects   &   then built data & functions around these objects. The data of an object can be accessed only by the functions associated with that object. Features of Object Oriented Programming:- ·         Emphasis is on data rather than procedure. ·         Programs are divided into objects. ·          Data is hidden & cannot be accessed by external functions. ·           Objects may communicate with each other through functions. ·          Functions that operate on data of an object are tied together in data   structure. ·           Follows bottom-up approach. 1.2   Basic Conc